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中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。
因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。
日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
【寻味中华】大竹醪糟：新酿初熟好待客****** 中新社达州1月17日电 题：大竹醪糟：新酿初熟好待客 中新社记者 贺劭清 张浪 灶中柴火劈啪作响，铁锅热气蒸腾直上，于鼎沸的红糖水中打下土鸡蛋，舀上满满两大勺雪白醪糟，待蛋清刚刚凝固便起锅捞出……在“中国醪糟之都”四川大竹，甜蜜、火热的中国年，通常由一碗红糖醪糟流心蛋率先烫暖。
“一颗曲子三斤米，两勺醪糟一个蛋，简单得很，养人得很。”2022年“9·5”泸定地震中受伤的“泄洪英雄”甘宇近来在老家大竹养伤，就没少吃醪糟土鸡蛋，已经“胖回来了”。 虽然随着现代工业发展，人们很方便就能在楼下商超买到各类醪糟产品，但老一代大竹人仍保留了岁末自己酿醪糟的习俗。这和灌香肠、熏腊肉一样，是迎接新年的“必修课”。
甘宇的奶奶廖代书特意赶在春节前熬制了一大罐土醪糟，希望孙儿恢复得更好。她说，这几天村里家家户户的老人都在蒸糯米、酿醪糟，“醪糟做好了，在外打工的幺儿就回来了”。 谈及自己心心念念的“这一口甜”，甘宇很认真地告诉记者，醪糟在他心中是“四川农村过年待客最高礼节”，春节期间走人户(做客)，一碗醪糟鸡蛋下肚，额头、后背都会渗出汗珠，暖身又暖心。 醪糟古称醴酒，又名酒酿。它不仅是中国酿酒之源，还是一道经商周秦汉、历唐宋明清，至今仍活跃在餐桌的传统美食。农历春节期间，吃象征着团圆的醪糟汤圆、醪糟鸡蛋，是中国多地民间习俗。
临近春节，记者来到大竹县城，城内特色汤圆店随处可见，隔着四五米远便能闻到交织的糯米、红糖与醪糟醇香。“来一碗醪糟汤圆！”店内人声鼎沸，不时有食客发出“安逸”“巴适”的赞叹。 “曲乃醴之骨，粮乃醴之肉，水乃醴之血。曲好骨正，粮好肉丰，水好血醇。”大竹东柳醪糟酿造技艺第二十代传承人唐祥华透露大竹醪糟醇甜酒香、爽口化渣的玄机。
在上千年的传承中，丁香、陈皮、桂皮、白蔻等上百种中草药与天然香料混合着米粉，成就了大竹东柳醪糟米曲的独特风味。优中选优的糯米在清冽山泉水的浸泡下晶莹剔透，以纱布沥出置入蒸笼，蒸至外韧里嫩后，自然冷却至稍有余温，才能拌入提前酵好的米曲粉末。 唐祥华说，糯米装坛后，还要在中间掏出孔洞，便于米酒渗出，滋味更佳。静待一个对时(一整天)，糯米便会发酵为色白汁清、团而不散的醪糟。刚酿好的醪糟，入口甜中带酸，让人欲罢不能。随着时间推移与温度变化，坛中醪糟每天都会变幻出不同风味，直至酒味盖过甜味。
醪糟夏可解暑，冬能驱寒。在小吃甜品之外，醪糟亦可入火锅底料，助锅底辣而不燥：作发面酵母，为松软香甜的面点添上一层复合滋味；取代白酒腌菜，让泡菜酸辣之余略带回甘。在大竹，醪糟甚至化身宴席主角，当地一绝“醪糟宴”便囊括了醪糟肉、醪糟糯米圆子、醪糟红糖烧白等13道醪糟菜品。 从历史深处走来的大竹醪糟，如今已远销加拿大、美国、日本、泰国、新加坡等20余个国家和地区。一辆辆加长大卡车载着糯米等原料驶进县城，又满载着一坛坛、一罐罐醪糟，将这座川东北小城酿就的“这一口甜”送到海内外家庭的餐桌上，添上一抹浓浓中国年味。(完)
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